Topic 1: Waves
a). Introduction to Waves
i. Explain the concept of a wave
ii. Explain the terms wave length, frequency and velocity of a wave
iii. Identify types of waves
b). Behaviour of Waves
i. Explain Reflection, refraction, diffraction and interference of waves
ii. Mention the application of reflection, refraction, diffraction and interference of waves in daily life
iii. Demonstrate the behaviour of waves
c). Propagation of Waves
i. Describe the propagation of mechanical waves
ii. Explain the propagation of electromagnetic waves
iii. Determine the relationship between frequency, speed and wavelength of a wave
iv. Determine the refractive index of a medium
d). Sound Waves
i. Identify source of sound waves
ii. Explain the concept of audibility range
iii. Describe the perception of hearing
iv. Explain the concept of echo and reverberation
v. Determine the speed of sound in air
e). Musical Sound
i. Explain the concept of a musical sound
ii. Identify factors affecting loudness, pitch and quality of a musical sound
iii. Identify the different musical instruments
iv. Explain the terms stationary wave, nodes and antinodes
v. Determine the frequency of a musical note
vi. Distinguish between the fundamental note and overtones
vii. Explain the concept of resonance as applied to sound
viii. Construct a simple musical instrument
f). Electro Magnetic Spectrum
i. Explain the concept of the electro Magnetic spectrum
ii. Identify the main bands of the electro Magnetic spectrum
iii. Detect infra-red, visible and ultra-violet rays
g). Application of Electro Magnetic Wave in daily life
i. Identify the application of micro Waves, radio-Waves, Infra-red, gamma rays and x-rays
ii. Explain the importance of electro Magnetic waves in agriculture and climate
Topic 2: Electromagnetism
a). Magnetic Fields due to a Current-carrying Conductor
i. Explain how electric current produces a magnetic field
ii. Identify the pattern of the magnetic field lines around a straight conductor
iii. Determine the direction of magnetic field around a current-carrying conductor
iv. Determine the presence and direction of a force on a current carrying Conductor in a magnetic field
v. Determine the direction of force due to two current ’82air-carrying conductors when the current flowing in the same or opposite direction
b). Electro Magnetic Induction
i. Explain the concept of electro Magnetic induction
ii. State the laws of electro Magnetic induction
iii. Explain the concepts of self and mutual induction
iv. Describe the mode of action of induction coil
v. Describe the mode of action of a.c and d.c generator
vi. Construct a simple step-up and step-down transformer
Topic 3: Radioactivity
a). The Nucleus of an Atom
i. Describe the structure of the nucleus of an atom
ii. Explain the atomic number, mass number and isotopes of an element and their symbols
iii. Mention forces holding the nucleus
b). Natural Radioactivity
i. Explain the concept of radioactivity
ii. Describe properties of the radiations emitted by radio-active substances
iii. Explain the nuclear changes due to the emission of Alpha (‘8c’b1), Beta (‘8cuc0u8804 ) and Gamma (‘8cu8805 ) radiations
iv. Explain the detection of ‘8c’b1, ‘8cuc0u8804 and ‘8cu8805 radiations
v. Describe half-life as applied to a radioactive substance
vi. Determine the half-life of a radioactive element
vii. Identify the applications of a natural radioactive Substances
c). Artificial Radioactivity
i. Distinguish between natural and artificial radioactivity
ii. Describe methods of producing artificial radioactive isotopes
iii. Mention the applications of artificial radioactivity
d). Radiation Hazards and Safety
i. Explain the effects of nuclear radiation on human body
ii. Protect himself/herself from nuclear radiation hazards
e). Nuclear Fission and Fusion
i. Explain the nuclear fission and fusion
ii. Mention the applications of nuclear fission and fusion
Topic 4: Thermionic Emission
a). Cathode Rays
i. Explain the production of cathode rays
ii. State the properties of cathode rays
iii. State the application of cathode ray tube
b). X-Rays
i. Describe the structure and mode of action of the x-ray tube
ii. Distinguish between soft and hard x-rays and their production
iii. State the properties of x-rays
iv. Identify the applications of x-rays in daily life
Topic 5: Electronic
a). Semi Conductors
i. Explain the concept of energy bands in solids
ii. Distinguish between conductors, semiconductors and insulators
iii. Describe the effect of temperature on the conductivity of conductors, semiconductors and insulators
iv. Identify types of Semiconductors
v. Describe the mechanism of doping intrinsic semiconductors
b). Diodes
i. Describe the construction of P-N junction
ii. Explain the mode of action of a P-N junction
iii. Identify the types of diodes
iv. Construct a half-wave and full-Wave rectifier
c). Transistor
i. Describe the construction of a PNP transistor
ii. Explain the mode of action of a PNP transistor
iii. Identify the types of transistors
iv. Outline the applications of transistors in daily life
d). Single Stage Amplifier
i. Explain the concept of analogue signals
ii. Explain the concept of digital signal
iii. Design a single-stage amplifier
Topic 6: Elementary Astronomy
a). Introduction to Astronomy
i. Explain the concept of astronomy
ii. Explain the importance of astronomy in everyday life
b). Solar System
i. Distinguish between a star and a planet
ii. Explain the force of gravitation which maintains celestial bodies in their Orbits
c). Constellations
i. Explain the concept of constellation
ii. Identify constellation
iii. Uses of constellation in everyday life
d). The Earth and the Moon
i. Describe the surface features and temperature of the moon
ii. Explain the causes of ocean tides
Topic 7: Geophysics
a). Structure and Composition of the Earth
i. Describe the structure of the earth
ii. Describe the composition of the layers of the earth
iii. Explain the importance of the layers of the earth
b). Earthquake and Volcanoes
i. Explain the origin of volcanoes
ii. Describe effects of volcanoes
iii. Explain the origin of earthquake
iv. Describe the principle of measurement of earthquake
v. Identify precaution against earthquake hazards
c). Structure and Composition of the Atmosphere
i. Describe the vertical structure of the atmosphere
ii. Describe the composition of the atmosphere
iii. Explain the importance of various layers of the atmosphere
d). The Greenhouse Effect and Global Warming
i. Explain the greenhouse effect
ii. Identify sources of greenhouse
iii. Explain the occurrence of global warming
iv. State the consequences of global warming